This sonnet is about Sophocles, of whom I know little. Well, it's about Homer, Epictetus, and Sophocles. The opening is a bit shaky and awkward, although that also gives it a sort of halting dignity. But the sestet, the last six lines, are the kicker. "Who saw life steadily and saw it whole" is, in my view, one of the greatest lines in English poetry. "Business could not make dull, nor passion wild" is another wonderful line; the sort of classical antithesis native to the age of Samuel Johnson, here lit by the afterglow of Romanticism. "Mellow glory" is also a wonderful paradox, or at least, a surprising combination of ideas.
It's the sort of poem that makes me regret being so little of a classicist!
To a Friend by Matthew Arnold
Who prop, thou ask'st in these bad days, my mind?—He much, the old man, who, clearest-souled of men,
Saw The Wide Prospect, and the Asian Fen,
And Tmolus hill, and Smyrna bay, though blind.
Much he, whose friendship I not long since won,
That halting slave, who in Nicopolis
Taught Arrian, when Vespasian's brutal son
Cleared Rome of what most shamed him. But be his
My special thanks, whose even-balanced soul,
From first youth tested up to extreme old age,
Business could not make dull, nor passion wild;
Who saw life steadily, and saw it whole;
The mellow glory of the Attic stage,
Singer of sweet Colonus, and its child.
What I've always loved about Arnold is the way he understated his poetic talent but came out nearly-top anyway. I believe Dover Beach was slipped into his Collected so unobtrusively that it took another poet (Swinburne) to point out that a great poem had entered the language. Arnold didn't care.
ReplyDeleteHe did seem to be extraordinarily modest. He was also a great poetry critic. I think his contention that great poetry can be isolated in great phrases is true. I didn't know that about Swinburne and Dover Beach!
DeleteYes, I like his criticism also. I think the Victorian period was lucky to have him, Carlyle and Ruskin all at once. Three giants to guide them in art and life. Well, we still have them too.
ReplyDelete