Monday, June 22, 2015

In Praise of Solemnity

Monarch of the Glen by Edwin Landseer 
Call it pomposity, bombast, what you will;
Call it vulgarity, but I crave it still;
The cinema called the Odeon or the Lux;
The epigraph of Everyman's Library books;
Everyman, I will go with thee, and be thy guide--
The monument that is not too proud for pride
Splendid in bronze or marble; the public house sign
That blazons "licensed to sell beers and wine"
In gold italics; The Monarch of the Glen;
The silhouette of ladies and top-hatted gentlemen.

I have seen so much of death, this past two years;
The awful shock when a whole life disappears;
The empty words at the funeral home, the walk to the grave;
Name after name some adoring mother and father gave
Etched onto stone. It won't let me forget
The rarity of every heartbeat, every breath.

They cannot convince me that life is a trivial thing;
A pretty toy that a man should be ready to fling
Away with a laugh; (were mine to be sacrificed
I would leave it with tears and agony, just like Christ);
The world may rebuke me with taking life seriously;
But I cannot get my tongue round the verb to be 
As easy as that. Existence itself should shame
The whimsicalists who teach us the world is a game.

But let there be games, and laughter, and nonsense, and sport,
And idleness, and whimsy of every sort.
Let life be complete, let life be filled to the brim
And overflowing. But-- should all life be a whim?
What lustre has laughter, when laughter goes on all the time,
When mirth may not even make way to let in the sublime
For a half hour, or less? As love is to aimless lust
True mirth is to this. I don't want to laugh if I must.

But laughter itself has its dignity stolen away
And the man who walked into a bar is considered passé--
For a joke is a rite, and a joker a ritualist,
And a punch-line's too formal a thing to allow to exist
In a era when randomness stands for all humour, all art,
All beauty, all meaning; a world with a whirligig heart.

But on a clear night, when I go out and look at the stars
How painfully, painfully, all our frivolity jars
With so lofty a sight; those pinpricks of iciest flame
In the ocean of night put our freaks and our follies to shame;
Under the clear silver gaze of the stars and the moon
How can a man not feel degraded to play the buffoon?

But still we have gameshow on gameshow, and hip-hop, and memes,
And bachelor parties with weird and un-wonderful themes,
And twelve magazines about cars on the newsagent shelves
And eighty-eight photos on Facebook we took of ourselves
All exactly the same. We have advertising campaigns
About doughnuts and dogfood and toothpaste and hard-to-shift stains
And the news gives us Hollywood gossip and fighting in court
And Saturday morning to Sunday evening of sport,
And playwrights write plays about nothing, and artists splash mud
On a canvas, and newspaper critics declare it is good,
And in the museum there are interactive displays
Where once there were exhibits. Nobel laureates praise
The lyrics of rappers, and nobody thinks this is odd;
Oh man! Man! The heir of the ages! The image of God!

Enough! We belong to eternity. We have a soul.
All around us, unthinkable clusters of galaxies roll;
Behind us lie millions of years, and before us our doom;
Imagination and wonder find limitless room
In the ocean of being. Around us, our brethren, mankind;
Each one with a measureless soul and a fathomless mind;
And calling us onwards, the joy that is higher than mirth,
The joy of the unsmiling stars and the serious earth,
The dim light of dusk and the pale light of dawn, and the ghost
Of the myriad dead;  all the joy that moves us the most;
The joy of the straight-faced urchin consumed in his game
Or the worshipper's eyes lit up by the candle's soft flame
Before his saint's shrine, or the lover lost in his love, 
Or the girl alone in a field, agape at the glories above.

Saturday, June 20, 2015

Spam is Great!

Well, maybe not great, but I often feel it has a kind of weird, free-floating, disconnected poetry to it. I get many, many spams comments every day, but this one caught my eye earlier. Dig it, man!

Firstly, it is important to check all of your foodstuffs for traces of the insect. For the young professional families that can no longer afford King William have chosen Mahncke Park and have started refurbishing the run down homes with wraparound porches.

There are also specialized in Singapore, foreign institutions that either have established offices here or have tie ups with local polytechnics, which allow polytechnic students to pursue a degree related courses after completing their degrees at polytechnics. A move is not easy; it is hard for the entire family as there are many new things to adjust to, many things to give up and of course plenty of details to take care of.

According to Schwarzenegger, Russia is considered to be a gold mind to foreign investors. They will provide you information about the good moving boxes vendors who are popular in area. Preponderance of evidence translates mathematically to 50. The nearby public schools have dramatically improved and include dual-language curriculums.

The other mesmerizing peculiarity is that the relationships amongst fdi inbound outbound. It helps seal in the heating or cooling in homes and there are no leakages.

Friday, June 19, 2015

The First Chapter of the Black Feather

If you keep something long enough you'll always return to it. The first novel I wrote was  a fantasy called The Black Feather. I wrote it when I was an agnostic searching for God. I was also in an extreme state of reaction against the modern world. I was much more right-wing when I wrote this book than I am now! As far as I remember, I never even sent it to any publishers, it seemed so amateurish.

The inspiration of the book was the realization that, in works of fantasy, I tended to find the Dark Lord more attractive than the goodies. I wanted to write a book that tried to see things from the point of view of your typical Dark Lord. The story follows the conflict between a Republic which represents freedom, progress, equality, rationalism-- all the things I hated at this point in my reaction! The Empire of the Spider King represents tradition, hierarchy, authority, deference, unquestioning loyalty-- all that I was panting for, but that are generally stigmatized in imaginary fictional worlds.

It goes without saying (I hope!) that I got past this phase. One of the things that the Catholic faith did for me was to free me from being a reactionary. Reaction is a dead end; simply the flip side of progressivism. Truth is timeless.

I will continue with the story if anyone wants me to.


Chapter One

Beginnings are an afterthought; I remember using that sentence in a history debate when I was fourteen. I was always trying to capture truth in a clever phrase. Perhaps it was not entirely my own fault; if my elders had not marvelled at every glib aphorism that fell from my lips, I would possibly have grown up less arrogant.
    But I was right; beginnings are an afterthought. We only learn about our own   births years after the fact, and ancient monuments lie forgotten for milennia  before being dug up and hailed as venerable. Plagues devastate societies before we have time to wonder where they came from, and the lexicographers go scuttling after new words long after the street urchins have grown tired of  them. But polite fictions must be maintained; and since I must begin somewhere, let it be in my seventeenth year, lying in a bedroom of my Uncle Trentor's mansion, morning sunlight pleasant upon my face and the sound of revelry floating up from downstairs. Last night's party was still in session. The party never ended at Uncle Trentor's.
    I was happy, and I knew I was happy. Even in a life as charmed as mine had been, such instants of unproblematic happiness were rare, and to be savoured. I had achieved what I had been dreaming of all my young life; entry into the world-famous Kosomo, the most prestigious and exclusive college in the world. Back then, of course, I wouldn't have used those terms out loud; I would have talked instead about how fortunate I was to study at the feet of the world's foremost men of learning. I doubt that anyone would have been fooled by my attempts at humility.
    Only a fraction of the candidates who sat the Kosomo's entrance examinations were accepted; about sixty from more than a thousand, every year. Even a boy like me, who was used to correcting his tutors and embarassing my examiners, could not assume I would.
    Most of Aarvla's shining figures-- writers, philosophers, artists, generals, statesmen-- had been to the Kosomo in the century since its foundation, but by no means all. Some of the most glittering names had been rejected, and many of them were filled with bitterness about it in later years.
    Those who failed the Kosomo exam were traditionally consoled by a recitation of celebrated names; Veddersen Angmar hadn't made it, and he became the most famous playwright in Aarvlan history, didn't he? I had been dreading that cold consolation for years, and the relief of never having to hear it was hard to exaggerate.
    In a few short weeks, me and my best friend Tiamin would begin five years in the Kosomo. The fact that I had come a few places higher than her in the examination results shouldn't have added to my pleasure. But it did.
    And there was more; at the age of seventeen, I knew that for all my life I would carry the reputation of a war hero. Less than a year before, I had been present at the storming of the Spider King's palace, the grand climax of our war with the Saardite Empire. The attack had been the master-stroke of my Uncle Trentor-- General Hoff to his adoring countrymen, the leader of the Aarvlan armed forces. The fact that he led it himself was no surprise to anyone, for all that it was a last-chance assault deep in enemy territory.
    The palace had fallen with virtually no fighting, since most of the defenders had been lulled out by some masterful feints on my Uncle's part. With the Spider King's armies closing in on Aarvla itself, nobody expected an assault on the palace. But with the death of the Spider King, his armies fell apart, along with the most powerful empire the world had ever seen. Aarvla went from being a country on the brink of annihilation, to the strongest power in the world. And I had been there when history had been turned on its head.
    Saying I had been there was saying almost everything. Yes, I had parried some attacks from the Spider King's guards (the most elite soldiers of the Saardite Empire, I liked to remind myself), but that was the extent of my heroism. But who cared about details like that? Could anyone blame me if I lay basking in self-congratulation as well as sunlight, that winter morning of my youth?
       But I was not alone in my jubiliation; the entire Aarvlan Republic had been glowing with our unlikely triumph, ever since the Empire had fallen. Oh, we spoke of caution, and humility before God, and magnanimity towards a conquered enemy. But underneath the pious words, we savoured our triumph, our certainty that providence had chosen Aarvla as its instrument. We were more than a people; we were the sacred rod of freedom.
    For that was the very principle upon which Aarvla had been built; freedom. The Republic had been founded moslty by slaves fleeing bondage, three centuries before my birth. Its population was built from dozens of races, and almost as many religions. Our ancestors were for the most part refugees, escaped convicts, heretics who had fled burning in the name of one god or another. Other nations sneered at our origins; we took a defiant pride in them.
    Aarvla was the only democracy in the world. It was, as our ballads proclaimed, a land that abhorred kingship, nobility, servility, and--more than anything else--slavery. The Spider King had attacked us for the very reason that we harboured the Empire's runaway slaves. Or at least, that was the motive he claimed. Doubtless, the war had been a simple case of an established power attempting to crush a perceived threat. But we happily took him at his word; we were quite satisfied with the role of slavery's scourge.
    I could still hear music floating up from downstairs, along with voices attempting to sing. They had moved on from the lusty war-ballads of hours previously and were now singing nostalgic love-songs. I could just imagine my Uncle Trentor sitting in some corner, unregarded, smiling with gentle amusement at the revelry.
    Uncle Trentor-- General Hoff-- didn't get drunk. I had never seen him intoxicated with any emotion, either. There were depths and fires in those brown eyes-- so gentle and yet so searching-- but they remained sealed up inside his soul. Some generals drank and swore with their soldiers, angling for their devotion. Uncle Trentor kept his own counsel, walking aloof even from his own lieutenants, and every sword-bearer in the Republic was willing to die for him.
    For all my five months' service in the Falcon legions, fellow soldiers had been trying to prise from me some family secrets, some insight into the character of my legendary uncle. They gave up feeling aggrieved at my taciturnity. How could they believe I knew almost as little of the great man's past as they did?
    Yes, he had sat me on his knee, and carried me on his shoulder, and given me fencing instruction from the time I could hold a wooden sword. But through it all, his face had remained a mask of nobility, like the marble busts of it that had appeared all over Aarvla after the fall of the Spider King. He asked me about myself, always; about my mother. She told me he had never cried once as a baby. He asked me about school. He seemed especially interested in my schooling, and would solemnly urge me to work hard at my studies. That was his rather grand term for the lessons of a boy, but he always spoke about me as if I was an adult. He always spoke to me as to another adult. It was for that, and a thousand other reasons, that I loved him.
    When I began to excel academically, Uncle Trentor's eyes would flicker with a hint of pride at news of my prizes and awards. He visited us often, when I was a boy. His visits became much rarer during the darkest years of the Saardite War. But even in the bleakest days, when the future seemed a vision of slave-camps and torched streets, he never showed a hint of anxiety in his face. It was seldom touched by emotion, and never by fear.
    I had some vague understanding that his respect for scholarship was a legacy of his boyhood. My mother had hinted of truancy, and of his falling in with some unsavoury company. But hinting was all she would, or-- I suspected-- could do. She worshipped him-- the entire Republic worshipped him-- but he seemed to have kept his deepest thoughts to himself from his cradle days.
    And now, for all that statues had been erected to him, and babies given his name, he would be sitting forgotten in a nook of his own banqueting hall, while the party pulsed around him. He was a statue himself, and eyes turn from even the most celebrated statue to the world moving around it. I never understood why a man so framed for seclusion would open his doors to society. I wondered if the lavish pension the Republic had voted him was the reason. Uncle Trentor was at home in the camp, and a stranger everywhere else. He had doubtless had no idea what to do with his new-found wealth, except to offer it back to the people.
He never seemed to sleep; a strange trait in a solider, as the ability to snatch slumber in any circumstances was drilled into every trooper.
    I had no trouble sleeping; I had just emerged from eleven hours of deep rest, the taste of wine still in my mouth. Only months before, all of our dreams had been populated by leather-clad invaders, slender blades against the throat, gallows standing in Man Square. Those dreams still came, but morning light banished them, now.
    I was gazing into the limitless, brilliant blue of the morning sky when I heard someone try the door, which I had left unlocked, and step inside.
It was a Saardite. Those wide brown eyes and thick chestnut tresses were unmistakeable.
    Deep within me, the reflex of fear sprung up-- so many years of nightmares were not easily forgotten. Saardites were not an uncommon sight in Aarvla now-- indeed, some of them had fought on our side during the war. Disaffected nobles mostly, who the Spider King had angered or passed over. But this youth did not seem like one of those.
    He was dressed in a simple blue robe and sandals, not the brown leather and chain-mail of a Saardite warrior. But it was his eyes; there was such smouldering intensity in the brown eyes locked on mine that I leapt from the bed and prepared myself for an attack.
    We looked at each other for a few moments. He was smaller than me, but well-built and of an erect and proud bearing. With a smooth motion he reached inside his robe and drew out slim, curved blade. Even in the moment between two beats of my racing heart, I could see it was a murder blade, fashioned to be used once only.
    I lunged for the hand that held the knife. I was the best hand-to-hand fighter in my school-- I was the best at almost everything in my school-- but he dodged me and in a moment quicker than thought, he was holding me face down on the thick wine-coloured carpet, immobilizing me and crushing my wind-pipe. I couldn't breathe, let alone cry out for help.
    Disbelief filled every crevice of my thought. Life had become a medley of joy, after years of fear, and now it was about to end in the most ridiculous fashion. I had been prepared for death on the battle-field, but this; this was absurd. It was all wrong; my soul protested to the world, as it prepared to leave it forever.
    Suddenly the pressure on my throat lifted, and deep intoxicating draughts of air filled my lungs. Colours danced before my eyes, and my mind reeled for some moments. When coherent thought returned, the murder blade was lying on the carpet and I was kneeling on all fours, my chest heaving.
    I looked up as soon as I could manage. The Saardite was kneeling by the window, his hands crossed on his heart in the manner of his people praying. He was murmuring something. I picked up the knife and stepped behind him, but he didn't turn around.
    We were on the fourth floor of the mansion, and there was no way to climb down the steep walls. I should have locked him in and looked for help. Maybe a candidate for the Kosomo develops a deep distrust of the obvious, from years of concocting ingenious theories in debates and examinations. Or maybe I was always reluctant to do the easy thing.
    We stood there for a few minutes, me silently, my assailant murmuring prayers in classical Saardite. Eventually he fell quiet.
    "Why don't you kill me?", he asked after some minutes, in the Aarvlan lingua franca of Kvor. His pronunication was awkward; he was evidently unused to using the language. He did not look around.
    "I don't want to hurt you", I replied in Saardite.
    With unhurried agility, he rose from his knees and turned to face me. He seemed torn between a strange shyness and an urge to explain, to communicate. His eyes kept flinching from my own, but when they met, I felt overwhelmed by the raw passion of his gaze.
    He looked at the murder knife in my hand. "You can put that away", he said, "I could take it from you even now." His flat tone told me he was not boasting. I would have believed him anyway. But I continued to brandish it.
    "Why did you attack me?", I asked.
    He stood against the large arched window, with that uniquely Saardite stance of apparent listlessness. A Saardite warrior was poised for action every waking moment, but looked as listless as a dandy at a party.
    "I didn't attack you. I was offering my knife to you. I wanted you to use it on me."
    It seemed plain to me that he had failed in some mission; his people were solemn observers of oaths, and if he had taken an oath to kill, failure to do so would be all but intolerable to him. But Saardites did not practice suicide. If he was here in my uncle's mansion, he could have had only one target.
    "You were trying to kill General Hoff", I said.
    A pained expression crossed his face, hardly long enough to be seen. "I was".
    "I am astonished you are still alive".
    He looked deep into my eyes, with a strange pleading light in his own. "I never even tried. My heart failed me. My courage failed me".
    I understood him at once. I thought of those brown eyes, of the measureless nobility of my uncle's manner; of how men who had exchanged half a dozen words with him would cut their way through armies at his word.
    "It needs no courage to do evil. The brave and the good are one".
    I saw the light of recognition in his eyes. "Harmedda", he said, "The Armour of Truth". Again he gazed at the floor, as if meditating on the swirls of colour in the carpet. "Harmedda would have planted this knife deep in an enemy's heart".
    Terror was beginning to seep into me, now the shock of this sudden encounter was fading. I was sitting alone with a dimma, a highly trained Saardite assassin. He could kill me at any moment; I could see a struggle going on in those piercing eyes, and its outcome could mean life or death for me.
    Suddenly I thought of the many spoken examinations that I had suffered
through, to qualify for the Kosomo; striving to capture the mercury of the examiner's thoughts, to look at a subject from ten points of view at once, to drum up a watertight argument in a heartbeat. It felt like a matter of life or death at the time. Now it really was.
    A dozen arguments from Saardite philosophy and religion occured to me; I rejected them all. If he felt I was manipulating him, he would make an end of me. I was convinced of it.
    "He is my mother's brother", I told him. Saardite had no word for "uncle"; even parents were a relatively unimportant concept, except in the case of royalty. "He has never killed when he could avoid it. The war is over. The time for killing is gone". I had a hard time keeping the quaver from my voice; this was dangerous territory indeed. "The Amraan has declared an end to it". The Amraan was the regent of the Saar, the Empire's central territory, in the absence of a Spider King.
    "A false Amraan, a puppet of your people", he countered, but not heatedly. "The commands of the Spider King can be revoked only by his successor; a true successor".
    "The Spider King died months ago. He gave you this command himself?"
    He didn't answer me, but said: "I despise you for refusing to kill me. It is not virtue, but weakness. Quoting Harmedda proves nothing".
    "How many people have you killed?".
    "None”, and there was a sort of shock in his voice; a curious thing to hear from a trained killer. I suddenly, desperately, began to hope I might survive this encounter. “We do not kill without good cause, either, and we kill only warriors. But the commands of the Spider King are sacred, as are the commands of those he has authorised. If you do not kill me, another dimma will do the job".
    "They will surely presume you died at our hands, when they hear General Hoff is still alive".
    He said nothing. He only looked at me. Fear still penetrated my ever pore, but I felt he was beginning to listen to me. In those eyes I could see a soul in flux.
    "They sent you on a suicide mission", I said, "a revenge assassination for a lost war. I have never heard of such a thing, in all the annals of Saardite warfare".
    "It seemed strange to me", he conceded. I noticed he was roughly of an age with me; younger, if anything. This was probably his first mission. The anger flared in his eyes, "All of our nobles have been slaughtered, and nobody is left to command properly ."
    This was not a time to be unctuous; the safest way to meet his anger was with anger of my own. "Your nobles ride at the head of your armies", I snarled back. "Of course they died!"
    "We fight in the open", he said. "You fight with whispers and seduction!"
    This had been the Spider King's justification for attacking us, and maybe even his true reason; the claim that we lured the Empire's slaves away from it. The accusation was absurd. The flight of slaves from the Empire into Aarvla had been a hideous embarrassment to the Republic. There had even been a proposal in the College of Voices to deny them entry. For all this would have been a blatant contradiction of the Founding Fathers' words, the resolution had almost been carried. I expected that any future histories of Aarvla would not linger over that detail.
    "Aarvla was dedicated to the refuge of slaves long before our grandfathers were born", I said, already knowing how we would respond to me. These arguments had been repeated over and over again, like the lines of a popular ballad. One of those comic ballads where a drunkard and his shrewish wife are arguing.
    "We have no slaves.”, said the dimma. “We have bondsmen". It was a plausible enough argument, and one that had been made by Aarvlans keen to avert hostilities. Saardite bondsmen were prisoners of war, who had sworn an oath to serve their conquerors. At the edge of a blade, usually, but an oath was an oath to a Saardite. They were treated more humanely than many free men in other parts of the world; the Saardite Empire was a strange hodge-podge of privileges and tyrannies. A peasant could be beheaded for stealing a jug of milk, but sue a noble for an angry word. But the Founding Fathers had won the day; the world, we had reluctantly decided, was divided into the free and the unfree.
    This was getting me nowhere. I handed the murder knife back to the boy. He looked at it inscrutably for a moment, then said, "I have done with that now. It belongs to you. It will never fulfill the purpose for which it was made."
    I went down on my haunches, and slid a canvas overnight bag from under my bed. I wrapped the knife in a silk banner that was folded up in it; the banner I had carried into the Spider Palace, when it captors had returned some weeks later to ceremonially claim it for the Saardite people. And for freedom, of course. I had little doubt but that the assassin would despatch me without thinking, if he knew I had personally assisted in the last Spider King's overthrow.
    "We have been enemies", I said, straightening, "But the war is over. I will never tell anyone of your mission here."
    "I will always aid you, if you request it", he replied. His tone was automatic and none-too-warm, to my momentary confusion. But then I remembered that, by Saardite tradition, a promise was always met by a promise, a threat by a threat.     "My name is Famm Hartai".
    "Solerre Ve Tori", I responded.
    We stood staring at each other, and suddenly I saw a different figure in front of me-- not a master assassin whose life was dedicated to the ending of other lives, but a boy who had lost his world and had nothing to replace it. More; he had spared my uncle's life. I dived down to my ovenight bag again, and produced a rusty green key.
    I was a precocious lad, popular, succesful, privileged. In truth, I was a spoiled brat. I had never truly suffered, except for the suffering that is intrinsic to all human life. Even the privations of the Saardite war had passed me by; all I had known was dire prospects, not the dire realities that others had undergone. And so I lacked that deep sympathy with others that only pain instils. But I also retained a kind of spontaneous, childish benevolence that, for most of my contemporaries, would already have been crushed by the battle of life. And I was used to telling people what to do.
    "My mother owns a cabin in the Dormon forest", I said, "I was headed there in a few weeks, to rest and be alone. You can hole out in it for a while." I threw the key at him, and he caught it deftly, looking down at it clasped in his hand as thoughtfully as if he had never seen a key before.
    I realised that tiresome Saardite sense of honour was troubling him; he was accepting charity, and from an enemy, too. Impatience won out over my fear.
"What kind of gratitude is it", I asked with unfeigned warmth, "to hesitate over an offer hospitably made? Do you value your pride over everything on earth?"
    "You people will never understood pride", he said, but without anger. It hardly sounded like he was talking to me at all, merely stating an inarguable fact.
    "Well, don't be so worried. I can think of many uses for a person of your skills. You will be given plenty of opportunity to repay the debt. Remember what shrewd traders we Aarvlans are". In truth I could think of nothing, and the only thing I knew about trade was hanging around bookstalls, but it infuriated me to think he would refuse my help.
    He stared at me with a strange light of wonder in his eyes. "You cannot truly believe I would serve your Republic?"
    "I'm not asking you to serve anything, except my purse. And your own".
Wonder was replaced by disdain, but I could see him reluctantly accepting the idea. What else had he to do? For all the Saardite talk of despising death, I knew that only the most wretched souls were truly prepared to embrace exctinction. His eyes showed guilt, and the near-despair of a life whose very goal had disappeared, but under it all was a boy's hunger for existence; for the bounty of the next moment, and the moment after that.
    "I will never kill", he said, warily. "I have discovered a distaste for it." There was a sardonic bitterness in his voice.
    "There are a surprising number of vocations that do not require killing", I said, matching his irony with my own. "I presume it is only human life you object to taking?", I asked. I had been struck by a happy thought. "Skilled hunters can become very wealthy in the Dormon forest."
    He seemed just as struck by the idea, I could see, though reluctance still pressed down on him like a laundress's load. He stood there, consulting with himself, while the singing from downstairs continued to echo distantly around us.
    "Let it be so" he said eventually, once again as if he was speaking to himself more than me. "There may be some higher design in this meeting". And, then to me, "I have no master but the King and the Great Harmony, but I will do all I can to repay my debt to you".
    "Wait till you see the cabin before you decide how big the debt is", I said. As a matter of fact the cabin was large and well-furnished, for its kind. I had never slept on a hard bed until I began studying for the Kosomo exams, in the cold and pokey cramming school where physical discomfort was the least of our trials. "I'll give you money, to tide you over till I have time to come and see you." I bent back down to my bag, and began rummaging in it, seeing how much I could muster. "The social season is almost over here. I have to attend some very dull parties, for my mother's sake, but I will come to see you as soon as I can. And then you can start making money for me. Until then, take this".
    I handed him a leather pouch, which usually held my tattered edition of The Words of Armanua, but were full now with the contents of my purse and all the other coins I could find in my spartan kit. "It's not much but it should keep you going awhile. You won't live like a prince, though".
    "But I will live, and what could be more important than that?", he asked sardonically. Bitter irony seemed to be the sole form of Saardite humour. Laughter and anger tended to go together with them. "The social season is over some thirty nights from now, is it not? I could easily survive on this many rotts till then".
    Exactly how much did he know of Aarvla, I wondered? Had his trainers given him thorough instruction in our society, all dedicated to the taking of our citizens' lives? Was every dimma given this much training? I gave him directions to the cabin, and was again taken aback at his detailed knowledge of Aarvlan geography.
    He nodded when I had finished, as a mark that our strange exchange had come to an end. Then he plucked the key from my hand as if it belonged to him.     At the same moment, two light raps came on the door; somehow meek and masterful at once. I recognised the knock as surely as a familiar voice.
    I gazed at the Saardite, and he gazed back, and somehow there was an agreement in our looks; he would not hide himself away. "Come in", I called, and the looming figure of my uncle Trentor filled the doorframe.
    "Aswada", he said awkwardly, greeting his would-be assassin in his own language. My uncle had fought dozens of races but never developed a facility for languages. There was only the merest flicker of surprise in his deep voice. "You know my nephew?".
    The Saardite's eyes were as inscrutable as my uncle's. "I have made his acquaintance", he said. Then he smiled, and I saw a face quite unsuspected until now. Honest, open and loyal. It as as if his nature was so alien to that of his recent trade, it had needed the most forceful curbing. And written in his eyes was a near-love for his intended victim, almost as if he had known him from childhood. He bowed, slightly, but with as much deference as if he had doubled over. And then he turned on his heel and was gone, without one look back at me.
    We did not hear his footsteps moving down the corridor, but I felt no fear he was listening outside. A dimma would never do that, though he killed by stealth. It was simply that he moved from place to place without a sound.
    My uncle closed the door. It creaked loudly-- servants in his mansion were doubtless devoted to him, but they evidently exploited his good nature. I doubt a shabbier mansion existed in the entire world.
    A gentle smile touched the august General Hoff's face, and he said, "A very charming fellow, for an assassin. I hope he gives the trade up".
    I was only surprised for an instant. "He has".
    "Come with me", my uncle said. “We have more important things to discuss”.

Wit and Wisdom Site Updated

I've just brought my Wit and Wisdom of G.K. Chesterton site up to date, and tried to make it more navigable, with "go to previous article" buttons as well as "go to next article" buttons. Man, it was tedious. The things I do for GKC!

http://chestertonwisdom.weebly.com/

Thursday, June 18, 2015

Why I Am a Traditionalist (VII)

As I come to the seventh instalment of this hectically-written series, I feel a sense of fatigue. My fascination with the subject propelled me, but I do feel rather burnt out now. I'm not sure if I have successfully managed to communicate my enthusiasm.

There is so much more that I would like to write about tradition, but I could go on forever. I may return to this subject in the future, but I do intend to round off this series with this post.

I promised to say something about Irish tradition. But the scale of this subject rather scares me off. I've spent perhaps a couple of months in America overall; I've spent almost forty years in Ireland. I don't know how to compress my experience and thoughts of Ireland's traditions, and the attitude of the Irish towards their own traditions, within a single blog post.

My background is solidly Irish nationalist-- going back several generations. So these are debates that I almost literally took in with my mother's milk.

As I see it, there are two sorts of Irish tradition-- readily-identified Irish traditions such as the Irish language, Gaelic football and hurling, Irish music, Irish dancing, the Irish pub (in its historic form and its exported form), Halloween (for that is an Irish tradition), the Irish literary tradition, Irish stew, the Irish wake, and so on.

Then there are the less well-known or more elusive Irish traditions-- such as red lemonade (mentioned already), Ireland's Own magazine, supporting English soccer teams, giving rhyming nicknames to Dublin statues and monuments, the 'Irish mammy', the (also already-mentioned) Late Late Toy Show, the card game Twenty-Five, and doubtless dozens of others I would never even think of.

(It's so easy to overlook less-celebrated traditions. Before my marriage, Michelle kept asking me for Irish wedding traditions. I kept replying: "I don't know any". Then, a little bit before our wedding, we were in a shop and I fumbled the change that the shop assistant handed me. It spilled everywhere and the shop assistant said: "Grushy!". Michelle asked me what grushy was and I said: "Oh, it's an Irish wedding tradition where someone throws a lot of coins for kids to catch." It just hadn't come to mind when she was asking me about wedding traditions. I sometimes think of trying to compile a definitive list of Irish traditions.)

Regarding Ireland's more famous traditions, I'm rather ashamed at my lack of participation in them. Although all my pre-college education was through the Irish language, I can barely speak it and I don't use it very much. (I have made sporadic attempts to improve it, but it really requires a very dedicated effort. I could write a whole post about this.) I don't watch Gaelic sports, except occasionally out of a sense of duty.  (I don't really like them much.) I very rarely listen to Irish traditional music. Irish cuisine is not really to my taste, apart from the full Irish breakfast. I do love Halloween, but Halloween is pretty much an Irish export now-- it hardly needs much buoying up.

Regarding the Irish wake (where the dead lie in state in the family home, and mourners drink and sing and generally have a party), I have mixed feelings. I like the idea of the dead being mourned at home, and I don't at all object to the revelry. However, I don't like the idea of looking at the dead body of a loved one. I wish I had not spent so much time by my mother's open coffin. It's hard to get that image out of my mind. It's said that this helps you accept the fact of a loved one dying. I don't have the slightest difficulty accepting the reality of anybody's death. It's all too easy.

I often ask myself how I actually assist in the preservation and transmission of Irish traditions. I suppose I make some contribution when it comes to the Irish literary tradition, through posts like this one and this one.  And I do try to honour Irish social history, especially that of recent decades-- by writing and talking about them, mostly. On the whole, I accept I have done little. What kind of a traditionalist am I, really?

As for the vibrancy of Irish traditions-- our national sports are wildly popular, and the only danger they would seem to face is the danger of professionalization (they are still precariously amateur, despite their huge commercial success). Irish music and dance remain highly popular. The Irish language continues to exist in a kind of suspended animation, used by few but apparently in no immediate danger of disappearing. Distinctively Irish names for children are more popular than they used to be. Irish rural life is suffering badly as thousands of young people emigrate from these areas, or move to the city. On the whole, it's a very mixed picture. (Possibly the most clichéd sentence I've ever written, that, but let it stand.)

And so....I come to the end of my long journey through the subject of tradition and traditionalism. Except it's not really the end. I have lots more to say, and I do intend to say it at some time in the future-- though maybe not for a good while. It's been a rather wayward journey, and perhaps some of its windings have seemed rather arbitrary-- why a whole post on American traditions, aside from my being married to an American woman?-- but I hope that it provided some interest, and food for thought. Thank you for accompanying me on it-- I thoroughly enjoyed every second.

Wednesday, June 17, 2015

Why I Am a Traditionalist (VI)

Anyone who's endured through my entire series on tradition so far will have noticed that I've been using the term in a secular sense, and that's very deliberate. Of course, 'Tradition' (usually capitalized in this context) means something very specific in Catholic doctrine.

This is how the Catechism defines it: "In order that the full and living Gospel might always be preserved in the Church the apostles left bishops as their successors. They gave them their own position of teaching authority. "Indeed, "the apostolic preaching, which is expressed in a special way in the inspired books, was to be preserved in a continuous line of succession until the end of time." This living transmission, accomplished in the Holy Spirit, is called Tradition, since it is distinct from Sacred Scripture, though closely connected to it. Through Tradition, "the Church, in her doctrine, life and worship, perpetuates and transmits to every generation all that she herself is, all that she believes." "The sayings of the holy Fathers are a witness to the life-giving presence of this Tradition, showing how its riches are poured out in the practice and life of the Church, in her belief and her prayer."

Obviously, this sense of the word 'Tradition' is quite distinct from the much fuzzier and more secular sense of the word that I am using in this series. To put it simply, Tradition is infinitely more important than tradition.

Of course, there are also religious traditions which are not necessarily a part of Catholic Tradition-- although, since 'the law of prayer is the law of faith", I would not presume to guess where exactly this applies. Probably to Friday fish fry-ups-- but even there, I don't want to presume....

So I've concentrated more on secular traditions in this series, and only occasionally mentioned religious traditions. My post about Christmas referred more or less entirely to Christmas as a cultural phenomenon rather than as a holy time. (Of course, even the crassest Christmas cash-in has some relation to the Christ child, though it may be a distant one.)

The thing is, I never want anyone to think that I was drawn to Catholicism by some kind of nostalgia. I am not a Catholic because I am a traditionalist. Nor am I a traditionalist because I am a Catholic. In fact, in terms of Catholicism, I am rather less traditional than many people who have the same kind of religious attitudes as me. I have never attended a Latin Mass. I am rather fond of modern churches (except the most hideous ones). I've never done the first Fridays or worn a scapular.


Furthermore, I am quite distrustful of 'Faith of our Fathers' sentimentality when it comes to religion. I am a sentimentalist and I am a nostalgist, but I try to keep my religious reasoning (so to speak) unclouded by either. The only reason to practice a religion is because you believe it's true. And the proper reason to oppose innovations in a religion (as I often do) is because you think they are heresies, or because you think they are counter-productive in some way. (I'm against the idea of married priests, for instance, because I think the witness of consecrated celibacy is hugely effective and important-- not because of unthinking traditionalism.)

None of this is to say that my traditionalism does not enter into my faith, as well. Of course it does. When saying the rosary, I am deeply moved to think of all the hundreds of millions of Catholics who have said it before me, down through the ages. But I do make a conscious effort not to let my traditionalism overstep its rightful bounds in sacred matters.

Having cleared that up, I wanted to turn from religious traditions to national traditions-- specifically, American traditions.


I'm married to an American woman, and I've spent a fair amount of time in America-- more time there than anywhere else in the world except in Ireland. Most of that time was spent in Richmond, Virginia, which is one of the oldest places in America, in the sense of European settlement.

I think the attitude of America to tradition is a fascinating subject. There has been a steady flow of tradition-hungry Americans to Europe for centuries now-- T.S. Eliot, Ezra Pound and Henry James spring to mind. America is 'the New World', brash and callow, while Europe is the 'Old World', steeped in history and refinement. Americans follow the soap opera of the British royal family so avidly because they've been denied such splendour and heritage by their own avowed egalitarianism, and because they are starved of pageantry, ceremony and tradition.

Of course, few people would consciously subscribe to these stereotypes, but they do tend to inform our view of the two continents. The funny thing is, I think they are almost the reverse of the truth. Europe may be a continent of ancient traditions but they are mostly dead or moribund traditions. America may be lacking ancient traditions, but it seems to me to have much stronger and more vibrant traditions of its own-- even if they are more recent ones. Not only that, but I believe Americans actually preserve European traditions more respectfully than do Europeans themselves-- by which I mean the traditions of their ancestral countries. Irish-Americans seem to care a lot more about their Irishness than do the Irish who live in Ireland.

School and college traditions are a good example of America's fondness for tradition, as I see it. Going by cinema, TV and books, American education seems to be awash with cheerleaders, college songs, sororities, frat houses, 'most likely to succeed' votes, high school yearbooks, and other traditions which are pretty exotic to Europeans. We have college traditions here, but they are pretty low-key compared to America. As for school traditions, I've never encountered these outside the realm of fiction-- or, insofar as we have them, they are not a big deal. (In Ireland, the 'debs' is the equivalent of the high school 'prom', and that's a fairly big deal-- but I can't think of any other parallel.)

As for universities: I work in a university myself, and there are only a few bona fide traditions I can think of in University College Dublin; there is the 'Colours Debate' between UCD and the rather more prestigious Trinity College Dublin. This is an annual comedy debate. There is also the Maidens Mace, a debating competition held for new debaters by the Literary and Historical Society. The L&H itself is one of our few notable traditions; many prominent people came through its ranks. When I started working in University College Dublin, I was very excited to read that the academic terms bore the quaint names Michaelmas, Hilary and Trinity; I have never once heard anyone use these terms. I don't even know if they exist officially anymore, thirteen years after I joined.

But Americans also seem to have more sporting traditions, more local traditions, more family traditions, more parades, more fraternal organisations, more festivals, more special foods for special occasions-- more of every kind of tradition, in fact.

I went to one baseball game in America-- it was only Minor League-- and I was delighted and fascinated with all the traditions, from the 'Take Me out to the Ball Game' song to the bizarre practice whereby the crowd shouts "Charge!" when a particular fanfare is played over the sound system. It's true I haven't attended many sporting events at home, but I've seen a fair amount on TV, and I don't think they are quite so steeped in tradition.

I've been in America for quite a few holidays. Funnily enough, I was twice present on or around the fourth of July, and I twice heard the National Anthem sung as a recessional hymn at Sunday Mass. (I think it was the National Anthem. Maybe it was 'God Save America'.) I actually became quite emotional myself, while singing it.

I watched one Fourth of July fireworks display, from a hotel balcony. It was pretty spectacular and seemed to go on forever.

I've been in America for Thanksgiving, as I've mentioned several times before. Strangely enough, given the fact that Thanksgiving always seemed like a holiday for the sake of a holiday to me, this was actually the one that impressed me the most. We made a huge Thanksgiving feast (just for the two of us), watched Macy's Parade in New York on TV, and followed that by watching the (recorded) final of the National Dog Show, which is traditionally shown on this day. As I mentioned before, the fact that watching the final of a dog show is a national tradition pleases me no end. It seems so unusual.

Christmas in America is not all that different from Christmas in Ireland. They don't generally have Christmas crackers in America, but they are gaining in popularity now. (I'm not sure I like this, just as I'm not sure I like the increasing popularity of professional soccer in America-- both trends may have something to do with a current wave of anglophilia. I prefer national traditions remaining distinct.)

There is an American Christmas movie called A Christmas Story, first transmitted in 1983, which has become a Christmas classic and is often shown on TV (though I saw it on DVD, and never saw the whole thing). It's very gentle and nostalgic. There is another called Rudolf the Red Nose Reindeer which is very popular, as well as A Charlie Brown Christmas (which I've never seen).

Richmond has an interesting and fun Christmas tradition of over-the-top Christmas lights. Homes actually compete with each other to go the furthest over the top (though I'm not sure if there is any kind of official winner). In Richmond, there is actually a guided tour which shows you the most over-decorated houses. One house had actually made their car a part of the Christmas lights display; it was entirely weighed down with lights, and an inflatable Santa sat in the driver's seat.

The most intriguing American Christmas tradition, for me, is the tradition of wearing an green-and-red elf's hat while exchanging gifts. The person giving the gift wears the hat, and then passes it to the next gift-giver, who puts it on. For all the American TV and movies I've seen, I'd never seen this. (In one US Office Christmas show, when they are giving out Secret Santa gifts, Dwight wears such a hat-- but I didn't realise its significance when I first saw it. Of course, Secret Santa is the American term for Kris Kindle. The colours green and red seem a bigger part of Christmas in America than they do in Ireland or (as far as I know) other European countries.

I also watched one Superbowl in America-- unfortunately, it was the worst Superbowl in living memory. The underdogs, the Seattle Seahawks, beat the favourites The Denver Broncos so comprehensively that it was all over before half-time. Before the game, the local supermarket was full of shoppers stocking up on snacks for the game. The Red Hot Chilli Peppers and Bruno Mars (I'd never heard of the latter) provided half-time entertainment; the Chilli Peppers seemed so pumped-up and energetic that it was more of an athletics display than a musical performance.

Of course, the Superbowl is famous for its ads-- the most celebrated ad of all time, Apple computer's 1984 ad (which doesn't seem at all extraordinary to me) was aired during the Superbowl. And there were lots of memorable and well-made ads during this Superbowl. One involved a young man being surprised by a 'best night ever', and featured Arnold Schwarzenegger (who played table tennis with him).

I used to worry a lot about how commercialized or media-driven a tradition was. I don't worry about that so much anymore. Commerce and the media are part of our lives, why should they not be a part of tradition? Of course, it's nice when traditions remain relatively uncommercialized, but I don't really have any beef with the opposite scenario, like I used to.

One particular Superbowl tradition involves the winning coach having a barrel of Gatorade (a sports drink) thrown over him. On this occasion, the Seahawks performed this tradition a little too early to be sportsmanlike.

I've twice seen (on TV, but while in America) the famous Times Square ball drop, whereby a ball is dropped down a kind of tube from the roof of The New York Times Building, coming to rest at exactly midnight. I'd never heard of this ceremony before; it's been going since 1907 and Times Square is packed out for it. Various celebrities turn up, either as entertainers or as spectators, and are interviewed. In general, New Year's in America is pretty similar to New Year's in Ireland-- bigger and glitzier, like most American things!

Richmond has the 'zombie walk' at Halloween, where participants dress up as zombies to raise money for charity. I've never seen this, though. I haven't been in America at Halloween. (I've never been to a Halloween party as an adult anywhere, which bothers me.)

Another American tradition worth mentioning is Saturday Night Live. I didn't realise what a big part of American culture this show was until I went there. I've sometimes been bemused at how poor many of the sketches are, but that's part of the appeal-- it's recorded very quickly and it has a hit-and-miss, improvised flavour which is part of fun. (The opening sketch always ends with one character saying to camera, out of the blue, "Live from New York City, it's Saturday Niiiiiiiiight...")

The various talk show at night-- Conan O'Brien, David Letterman, Jimmy Fallon and such-- are also a big American tradition. Attempts to introduce an equivalent in Ireland have been invariably embarrassing.

So, on the whole, I don't think Americans have anything to apologise for in terms of tradition. And, being such an ardent traditionalist, this is another reason why I am such a fan of America and American culture.

Did you think the series would end here? Not a chance! In my next post, I'll look at Irish traditions and the Irish attitude to tradition.

Tuesday, June 16, 2015

Why I Am a Traditionalist (V)

I said in a previous instalment of this series that I was going to devote a whole post to Christmas. This is it.

When it comes to Christmas and tradition, I have powerfully conflicting feelings.

On the one hand, I love Christmas as much as anybody else loves it-- indeed, I love it more. I don't think anybody is more of a Christmas freak than I am. Christmas stands for everything I love the most-- tradition, cosiness, innocence, celebration, sentimentality, nostalgia, merriment, reverence, domesticity, and a thousand other lovely things. Christmas is my favourite time of year without a doubt. (It helps that winter is my favourite season.)

I think Chesterton, as usual, put it best: "There is nothing really wrong with the whole modern world except that it does not fit in with Christmas."

And yet-- I don't like how Christmas seems to account for ninety per cent of the traditions in our lives. Christmas is like a great black hole of tradition. It sucks all tradition to itself.

William Cobbett, the great Tory radical-- and the subject of a biography of Chesterton-- famously denounced London as "the Great Wen" (a wen is a dialect term for a boil or cyst). I feel the same way about London, which overwhelmed me every time I visited it. I also feel the same way about Christmas. Christmas is like the Great Wen of the calendar. It doesn't overwhelm me-- I can't really get enough Christmas-- but it bothers me that it hogs every tradition to itself.

Christmas has all the traditions. Office parties are at Christmas. Special episodes of TV shows are at Christmas. Family get-togethers are at Christmas. Fairs and sales of work and performances of the Messiah and big movie releases and DVD releases and album releases are at Christmas. The Queen's speech is at Christmas. Midnight Mass is at Christmas. Even ghost stories, which you'd think would rightfully belong to Halloween, are very often stolen by Christmas. (M.R. James, the master of the English ghost story, originally read them to his friends at Christmas, and A Ghost Story for Christmas was a series of TV films made out of stories by M.R. James and others-- they have been revived recently. Apparently, Christmas spooky stories are an English tradition themselves-- which doesn't make me any more favourable to them.)

In fact, writing this series-- and writing about tradition in general, which I have often done-- it's very difficult to keep from veering into talking about Christmas all the time. I deliberately have to avoid it. It bothers me that tradition is Christmas, to a great extent. We think of tradition and we think of Christmas.

I don't really want to take anything anything away from Christmas. (Except the ghost stories.) I just want more traditions for the rest of the year.

I attended a pre-marriage course with Michelle called Engaged Encounter. It was really good, but one thing that bothered me was that the question "What will you do for Christmas?" was almost the only tradition considered. Nobody seems to worry about Easter, or St. Patrick's Day, or Thanksgiving.

And speaking of Thanksgiving....the Thanksgiving Day I spent with Michelle in America, and which I have often mentioned on this blog, has become one of my dearest memories-- and becomes dearer all the time. To an Irishman, it was a revelation to watch Macy's parade on TV, followed by the national dog show. (I still think it's hilarious and wonderful that the entire nation watches a dog show on a major holiday.) But one thing that bothered me was the amount of Christmas floats in Macy's parade. I thought...couldn't Thanksgiving be Thanksgiving, and Christmas be Christmas?

The same thing in Ireland happens with Halloween. The standard lament used to be that the Christmas decorations went up in the shops as soon as Halloween was over. Now they go up before Halloween has started.

As well as sucking the life from other traditions, all of this sucks the life from Christmas itself. As has often been observed, everybody is sick and tired of Christmas by St. Stephens's Day-- instead of revelling till Epiphany, as they should.

And yet...I love Christmas with my whole heart. I don't want it to be ninety per cent of tradition. But I don't mind it being the tradition par excellence, which it is.

It is so immersive. It engages the eyes, the ears, the nose, the mouth and the fingers. It's everywhere. That is the very best thing about Christmas-- it's everywhere. It's in the background. You don't have to artifically put yourself in the mood, because the whole world is conspiring to put you in the mood. Everything is saturated with it. When you remember a conversation or an incident which happened to take place one Christmas, the pine-scented air of Christmas always comes along with it. When film-makers or novelists or songwriters want a picturesque background, they always go for Christmas.

I want the rest of the year-- indeed, the rest of life-- to be more like Christmas in that way. I don't mean more Christmassy-- not at all.  I mean more itself, whatever that might be, to the glorious extent that Christmas is itself.